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目的了解舰员心理疲劳的现状,分析原因,并应用初步的干预措施,促进舰员心理健康。方法87名某舰舰员分为对照组(40名)和干预组(47名)。在连续航行中,干预组于航行15d后开始采用多种心理干预措施。对照组不采用任何干预措施。两组于航行前1d、航行15d、30d时,采用疲劳问卷和睡眠质量问卷调查。结果疲劳问卷调查结果显示航行15d后舰员主观疲劳程度较重,从两组症状学来看,代表“身体”、“精神”、“神经感觉”3类症状的3个因子均加重(P<0.01),航行30d后疲劳问卷调查结果显示,干预组上述指标均显著降低(P<0.01);睡眠调查问卷结果显示航行15d后舰员存在严重的睡眠剥夺,“睡眠质量”、“睡眠规律”、“睡眠后的精力”3个方面均低于航行前(P<0.01),特别是睡眠后精力明显低于航行前,而航行30d后再度睡眠问卷调查结果显示,干预组上述指标均显著改善(P<0.01)。结论舰员长期航行,心理健康明显受到影响,以心理疲劳为主,进行多项心理干预措施能有效改善舰员心理健康状况。
Objective To understand the status quo of the mental fatigue of seafarers, analyze the causes, and apply preliminary interventions to promote the mental health of seafarers. Methods 87 warships were divided into control group (40) and intervention group (47). In continuous voyage, the intervention group began to adopt various psychological interventions 15 days after voyage. The control group did not use any interventions. Two groups before the flight 1d, voyage 15d, 30d, using the fatigue questionnaire and sleep quality questionnaire. Results The results of the fatigue survey showed that the subjective fatigue of the crew members was heavier 15 days after the voyage. From the two groups of symptoms, the three factors representing the three types of symptoms of “body”, “spirit” and “nerve sensation” all aggravated (P < 0.01). The results of the fatigue questionnaire after 30 days of cruise showed that the above indexes in the intervention group were significantly decreased (P <0.01). The results of the sleep questionnaire showed that there were serious sleep deprivation, “sleep quality” and “sleep pattern” , And “energy after sleep” were lower than those before flight (P <0.01), especially after sleep was significantly lower than before sailing, and sleep again 30 days after sailing questionnaire survey showed that the intervention group were significantly improved (P <0.01). Conclusion The long-term navigation of the crew members has obviously affected the mental health. Psychological fatigue is the main factor. Conducting a number of psychological interventions can effectively improve the mental health status of the crew members.