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目的:了解吉林省成年人吸烟、被动吸烟、戒烟状况和对烟草相关危害的认知与控烟态度,为吉林省制定控烟相关政策提供科学依据。方法:采用多阶段分层随机整群抽样方法,共收集吉林省18~79岁常住居民21 435人,采取调查问卷和体格检查相结合的方式,分析吉林省不同人群吸烟率、戒烟率、被动吸烟率、烟草相关知识知晓率和控烟态度。结果:吉林省成年人吸烟率为31.8%,男性成年人吸烟率高于女性(52.9%vs9.4%,P<0.001),农村高于城市(33.2%vs 30.7%,P<0.001)。不同年龄、文化程度、婚姻状况、职业和家庭月收入的成年人吸烟率差异均有统计学意义(P<0.001)。吉林省成年人戒烟率为18.6%,不同年龄、婚姻、职业和家庭月收入人群间的戒烟率差异均有统计学意义(P<0.001)。成人被动吸烟率为60.5%;被动吸烟场所以家里和工作场所居多,分别占33.4%和21.7%。调查对象中支持公共场所禁烟、餐馆禁烟和加大政府控烟力度百分比分别为93.4%、92.0%和93.9%。女性烟草相关知识的知晓率低于男性(P<0.001),农村低于城市(P<0.05);其中对于“低焦油含量香烟危害与一般香烟相当”知晓率较低,仅为15.3%。结论:吉林省成年人吸烟率和被动吸烟率高于2002年全国吸烟率和被动吸烟率,烟草相关知识知晓率较低,对控烟支持程度较高。
OBJECTIVE: To understand the smoking and passive smoking, smoking cessation and tobacco control of adults in Jilin Province, and to provide a scientific basis for formulating tobacco control policies in Jilin Province. Methods: A multistage stratified stratified random cluster sampling method was used to collect 21 435 permanent residents aged 18-79 in Jilin Province. By means of questionnaire and physical examination, the smoking, smoking cessation rates and passive smoking rates in different population of Jilin Province were analyzed. Smoking rates, awareness of tobacco-related knowledge and tobacco control attitude. Results: The smoking rate of adults in Jilin Province was 31.8%. The smoking rate of male adults was higher than that of women (52.9% vs 9.4%, P <0.001), and that of rural areas was higher than that of urban areas (33.2% vs 30.7%, P <0.001). There were significant differences in smoking rates among adults of different ages, educational level, marital status, occupation and family monthly income (P <0.001). The smoking cessation rate among adults in Jilin Province was 18.6%. There were significant differences in smoking cessation rates among different age groups, marriage, occupation and family monthly income (P <0.001). Passive smoking among adults was 60.5%; passive smoking was mostly from home and workplaces, accounting for 33.4% and 21.7% respectively. The percentage of respondents supporting smoking ban in public places, non-smoking restaurants and increasing government tobacco control were 93.4%, 92.0% and 93.9% respectively. The awareness rate of female tobacco-related knowledge was lower than that of men (P <0.001) and rural areas was lower than that of cities (P <0.05), while the awareness rate of “low tar tar consumption was similar to that of normal cigarettes” was only 15.3% . Conclusion: The smoking prevalence rate and passive smoking rate of adults in Jilin Province are higher than those of the national and passive smoking rates in 2002. The rate of awareness of tobacco-related knowledge is relatively low, and the support for tobacco control is high.