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目的探讨不同人群中梅毒预防知识知晓率,为科学制定梅毒防治对策提供依据。方法对龙岩市7县(市、区)的农村、城市和流动人口3类人群,按随机抽样法开展问卷调查。结果共调查7 053人,其中农村居民占30.1%、城市居民30.0%、流动人口39.8%;男性占53.1%,女性46.9%;梅毒预防知识知晓率城市居民87.5%>流动人口83.0%>农村居民79.5%;男女知晓率为85.2%、81.1%;各年龄组知晓率:农村居民以20~29岁组最高(86.0%),城市居民40~49岁组最高(89.0%),流动人口30~39岁组最高(84.7%)。8道知识题中,对“梅毒病人的性伴需要去医院检查”认知度最高(>90.9%),对“一个人看上去健康的人会是梅毒病人”认知最低(<77.5%)。各县(市、区)农村居民的知晓率均较低。获得梅毒预防知识途径前3位为电视、宣传活动和宣传材料。结论龙岩市3类人群掌握梅毒预防知识知晓率较低,电视和宣传活动是获得梅毒知识的重要途径,健康教育是提高各类人群梅毒知晓率的重要手段。
Objective To explore the awareness rate of syphilis prevention knowledge in different populations and provide evidence for the scientific development of syphilis prevention and control measures. Methods A questionnaire survey was conducted on 3 groups of rural, urban and floating population in 7 counties (cities and districts) in Longyan City by random sampling method. Results A total of 7 053 residents were surveyed, of which 30.1% were rural residents, 30.0% were urban residents and 39.8% were migrant workers; 53.1% were male and 46.9% were female; awareness of syphilis prevention was 87.5% of urban residents> 83.0% of floating population> rural residents 79.5%. The awareness rate of male and female was 85.2% and 81.1% respectively. The awareness rate among all age groups was the highest (86.0%) among rural residents aged 20-29 and the highest among urban residents aged 40-49 (89.0% 39-year-old group was the highest (84.7%). In the eight-item question, the highest awareness (> 90.9%) is for the “syphilis patient’s partner to go to the hospital for examination,” and “a person who looks healthy will be a syphilis patient.” <77.5%). The awareness rate among rural residents in all counties (cities and districts) is relatively low. The top 3 ways to get syphilis prevention knowledge are television, promotional activities and promotional materials. Conclusion There are three types of people in Longyan City, a lower awareness of awareness of syphilis prevention knowledge, television and promotional activities is an important way to obtain syphilis knowledge, health education is to improve the awareness of all types of people an important means of syphilis awareness.