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城市化和现代化这种社会状况的变化,使存在于这个社会中的民俗文化产生了很大的质变。一方面,城市化和现代化被认为导致了民俗文化的衰退,甚至是使民俗文化走向崩溃的一个主要原因。另一方面,当城市化得以充分发展,且很多民俗文化不断消失的时候,反而激发了重新高度评价这些传统文化的势态。更进一步地说,虽然城市化和现代化使民俗文化产生了诸多变化,但其作用并非一定会导致民俗文化自身走向衰退和崩溃,有时反而会使民俗文化得到长足的发展。由于城市化和现代化的发展,要找到民俗的变化规律有一定的困难。但是,从现代民俗学的观点来研究民俗的传承过程时,我们不仅要认识其本质的一面,也必须考虑围绕这个民俗的政治、经济、社会等各种外在要素对其的影响。本文即是以斗蟋蟀这种传统的中国文化为素材,对城市化、现代化所引起的民俗文化的发展进行探讨。
The changes in social conditions such as urbanization and modernization have caused a qualitatively qualitative change in the folk-custom culture existing in this society. On the one hand, urbanization and modernization are believed to have led to the decline of folk culture and even a major reason for the collapse of folk culture. On the other hand, when urbanization has been fully developed and many folk cultures continue to disappear, it has instead aroused a tendency to re-evaluate these traditional cultures. Furthermore, although urbanization and modernization have brought about many changes in folk culture, its role is not necessarily to lead to the decline and collapse of folk culture itself, but in some cases folk culture will be greatly developed. Due to the urbanization and the development of modernization, it is difficult to find the changing law of folk custom. However, when studying the process of folklore’s inheritance from the perspective of modern folklore, we must not only understand its essential aspects, but also consider the influence of various external factors such as politics, economy and society around this folklore. This article is based on the traditional cricket cricket Chinese culture as the material, to explore the urbanization and modernization caused by the development of folk culture.