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为了拓展小麦化控两系途径的药剂种类,降低小麦杂交种制种成本,利用西农1376(浅蜡质材料)和矮抗58(厚蜡质材料)研究了23种化学药剂诱导小麦雄性不育的效果以及对植株表型性状的影响。结果表明,各药剂诱导小麦花粉败育效果差异较大,Feek’s 8.5时期,XN-1药剂可诱导西农1376和矮抗58植株群体雄性不育率达98%以上,且植株表型及雌蕊发育正常,仅株高降低约5cm,饱和授粉后结实率正常,并能获得正常杂交种子。在银川和西宁对新筛选的小麦化学杂交剂XN-1的药效研究表明,XN-1可诱导春小麦品种银川P、银川Q和西宁P、西宁Q产生98%以上的雄性不育率,除株高降低约5~10cm外,其他株型指标不受影响。表明XN-1具有优良小麦化学杂交剂的特点和大面积应用于小麦杂种优势利用研究的潜力。
In order to expand the types of chemicals controlled by wheat and control the cost of seed production of wheat hybrids, 23 chemical agents were used to induce wheat male infertility by using XiNong 1376 (light waxy material) and Aikang 58 (thick waxy material) Effects of fertility and plant phenotypic traits. The results showed that the effects of different agents on the pollen abortion in wheat were different. At the stage of Feek’s 8.5, the male sterility of XN-1 and XN-1 was over 98%, and the plant phenotype and pistil development Normal, only about 5cm reduction in plant height, normal seed setting rate after saturated pollination, and normal hybrid seed can be obtained. Studies on the efficacy of the newly screened wheat chemical hybrid XN-1 in Yinchuan and Xining indicated that male sterility of more than 98% of spring wheat cultivars Yinchuan P, Yinchuan Q, Xining P and Xining Q could be induced by XN-1. Plant height reduced about 5 ~ 10cm, other plant type indicators are not affected. The results indicated that XN-1 has the characteristics of excellent chemical hybridization of wheat and the potential of large-scale application in the utilization of wheat heterosis.