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五四时期,各种新思潮象潮水般涌进中国。处于这种大变动年代的青年毛泽东比较广泛地接触到了这些新思想。在这些新思潮中,对青年毛泽东的思想产生较大影响的除克鲁泡特金(1842～1921)的无政府主义外,还有新村主义和工读主义。 新村主义是日本作家武者小路实笃(1885～1975)在克鲁泡特金的《互助论》和空想社会主义的影响下提出并宣扬的一种空想社会主义思潮,其基本思想是主张脱离当时不合人道的社会,另辟一块小天地,建立没有压迫、没有剥削、人人平等、个个幸福的互助互爱的理想的新社会。武者小路实笃曾于1918年创办《新村》杂志,宣传他的新村主义理想。工读主义是在新村主义和无政府主义影响下形成的一种空想社会主义思潮。它试图通过使知
During the May 4th Movement, various new trends of thought poured into China. Mao Zedong, a young man in such an era of great change, came into wider contact with these new ideas. Among these new ideas, apart from the anarchism of Kropotkin (1842-1921), which also had a great impact on the thinking of young Mao Zedong, there are also neo-village and work-study doctrine. Villageism is a kind of utopian socialism which Shi Tuk-tuk (1885-1975), a path by Japanese writer and warrior, put forward and promoted under the influence of Krotsukin’s “mutual aid theory” and utopian socialism. Its basic idea is to advocate the separation from the current Inhumane society, another piece of small world, to create a non-oppressive, non-exploitation, equality for all, all the happy new mutual ideal of mutual assistance and a new society. Wu Tzu’s Path Shi Tuk was founded in 1918 as a “new village” magazine to promote his neo-village ideal. Work-studyism is a kind of utopian socialism formed under the influence of neo-carism and anarchism. It tries to make it known