随着我国医药卫生事业的迅速发展,抗菌素在广大农村和城市中已普遍应用。大多数医务人员对抗菌素的使用是合理的,在使用时也注意到预防其不良反应。但是,也有少数医务人员滥用抗菌素,甚至把它当做“万能”药品,以致在部分病人中发生了不应有的抗菌素反应。这篇综合报告,总结了抗菌素反应的一些经验和教训,值得大家在工作中参考。可以看出,在发生抗菌素反应的病人中有不少是可以预防的。如有些病人根本不需要使用抗菌素,或不必长期使用及联合使用等;用药前部分医生忽略了询问过敏史,对病人提供的过敏史也重视不够;有些病人在用青霉素前未做敏感试验,即使做试验也未按规定严格认真操作和仔细观察结果等等。这些应当引以为戒,使用抗菌素时千万不能存在侥幸心理。应当使用抗菌素治疗的病人,在注意了预防的情况下,虽然也有少数病人发生了反应,但由于事先有准备,就能够得到及时抢救。这说明现有的预防措施还不够完善,有待进一步研究;对不良反应尤其是过敏性休克,事前做好准备就显得十分必要。因此,每个医务人员都要熟悉急救措施,做好一切准备,以便一旦发生反应,能及时进行有效的处理。任何药物都有它一定的适应证,很多药物既有治疗疾病的作用,而对人体又可发生毒性,抗菌素也是如此。因此,医务人员要熟悉药物的药理性能,在用药时必须全面考虑问题,既严格掌握适应证,以充分发挥药物的治疗作用,又要积极采取措施预防其不良反应。我们是党教育下的人民医生,是为工农兵服务的,因之处处要考虑病人的安危,只要从思想上重视起来,那未抗菌素反应的发生就会大大减少。 With the rapid development of medical and health undertakings in our country, antibiotics have been widely used in many rural areas and cities. Most medical staff use antibiotics is reasonable, also noted in the use of prevention of adverse reactions. However, there are also a small number of medical staff who abuse antibiotics and even treat them as “omnipotent” medicines, so that an unwanted antibiotic reaction has occurred in some patients. This comprehensive report summarizes some of the experiences and lessons learned from the antibiotic response and deserves everyone’s reference at work. As can be seen, many of the patients who develop an antibiotic response are preventable. If some patients do not need to use antibiotics, or do not need long-term use and joint use; before the treatment of some doctors neglected to ask the history of allergies, the history of allergy to patients also not enough attention; some patients without penicillin before the sensitivity test, even if The test did not follow the rules strictly and carefully observed the results and so on. These should be used as a warning, the use of antibiotics must not be lucky. Patients who should be treated with antibiotics should pay attention to the prevention, although a small number of patients have responded, but due to be prepared in advance, can be promptly rescued. This shows that the existing preventive measures are not perfect enough for further study; adverse reactions, especially anaphylactic shock, prepared in advance it is necessary. Therefore, every medical staff member should be familiar with first aid measures and make all preparations so that once the reaction has taken place, timely and effective treatment can be carried out. Any medicine has its own indications, many drugs both the role of treatment of the disease, but also on the human body can occur toxicity, antibiotics as well. Therefore, the medical staff should be familiar with the pharmacological properties of the drug. When taking the drug, the problem must be fully considered. Both the indications should be strictly controlled so as to give full play to the therapeutic effect of the drug, and active measures should be taken to prevent the adverse reactions. We are the people doctors under the party education and serve the workers, peasants and soldiers. We must consider the safety of patients everywhere. As long as they are ideologically emphasized, the occurrence of non-antibiotic reactions will be greatly reduced.