论文部分内容阅读
一次采油的平均采收率常常是很低的(溶解气驱为5～30％;气顶驱动为20～40％;水驱为35～75％)。甚至二次采油方案也可能因注水效率低、储集层岩石不均匀等等情况而受到挫折。因此,人们对于一次和二次采油后留下的虽已探明但尚未开采的主要储量产生了兴趣。根据保守估计,对于已知的储油层,采用现有的三次采油方法(混相驱动、热力采油、化学驱动),仅在美国就可额外多采收550亿桶石油。地质、岩石物理、采油工程、机械和经济等因素都会影响提高采收率方案的计划和组织工作。计划人员根据概率法共同提出四个步骤,以便减误差少和风险。
The average recovery of an oil recovery is often very low (dissolved gas drive is 5 ~ 30%; gas drive is 20 ~ 40%; water drive is 35 ~ 75%). Even secondary recovery options can suffer setbacks due to inefficient waterflooding, reservoir rock heterogeneity, and more. As a result, there has been an interest in the main proven but unexploited reserves left after the primary and secondary recovery. It is conservatively estimated that for the known reservoirs, using the existing tertiary recovery methods (mixed phase, thermal and chemical) it is possible to recapture an additional 55 billion barrels of oil in the United States alone. Factors such as geology, petrophysics, oil recovery engineering, machinery and economics can all affect the planning and organizing of an enhanced recovery program. Planners jointly put forward four steps based on the probabilistic approach to minimize errors and risks.