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补体系统是先天免疫系统的重要组成部分,在宿主抗感染防御过程中起着关键作用.补体成分C3(complement component 3)是补体激活途径的中心成分,其通过3条补体激活途径参与免疫监督和免疫应答过程.虽然补体成分C3的基因和蛋白已在许多不同物种中被克隆和鉴定,对其基因的结构、功能和表达也进行了很多研究,但对C3分子的演化进程目前还不清楚.本文对近年来补体成分C3系统发生进行了分析,同时对C3的结构、作用机制和功能进行了综述.
Complement system is an important part of the innate immune system and plays a key role in host defense against infection.Complementary component 3 (C3) is the central component of complement activation pathway, which participates in immune surveillance through three complement activation pathways Immune response process Although the gene and protein of complement component C3 have been cloned and identified in many different species, many studies have been made on its gene structure, function and expression, but the process of evolution of C3 molecule is not yet clear. In this paper, we analyzed the occurrence of complement C3 in recent years and reviewed the structure, mechanism and function of C3.