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化学治疗在肿瘤治疗中的地位日益提高。由于抗肿瘤新药的不断发现以及合理设计化疗方案,使人体肿瘤的治愈率不断提高。然而,进一步提高治愈率受到肿瘤细胞耐(抗)药性的限制。 肿瘤细胞耐药性机制相当复杂,概括有以下几点:(1)药物的转运或摄取过程障碍;(2)药物的活化障碍;(3)靶酶的量增加;(4)靶酶质的改变或生产减少;(5)分解酶增加;(6)增加利用内替的代谢途径;(7)修复机制增加;(8)由于特殊的膜糖蛋白增加,而使细胞排出药物增多;(9)激素受体减少或功能丧失等等。
Chemotherapy has become increasingly important in the treatment of cancer. Due to the continuous discovery of new anti-tumor drugs and the rational design of chemotherapy regimens, the cure rate of human tumors has been continuously improved. However, the further improvement of the cure rate is limited by the drug resistance of the tumor cells. The mechanism of drug resistance in tumor cells is quite complex. The following points are summarized: (1) obstacles in the process of drug transport or uptake; (2) obstacles to activation of drugs; (3) increase in the amount of target enzymes; (4) target enzyme Change or production decrease; (5) increase in decomposing enzymes; (6) increase the use of intracellular metabolic pathways; (7) increase the repair mechanism; (8) increase the number of cells excreted by special membrane glycoproteins; (9) ) Decrease or loss of function of hormone receptors, etc.