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为了分析研究乌鲁木齐市水足迹和水资源承载力的动态特征,根据生态足迹法构建了乌鲁木齐市生活耗水、农业耗水、工业耗水、城镇公共耗水和生态环境耗水5个水资源指标,并利用水资源负载指数,研究了乌鲁木齐市2004-2011年水资源承载力、水足迹和水资源负载的动态特征。结果表明,2004-2011年乌鲁木齐市水资源承载力在波动中整体呈下降趋势,从2004年的1 767hm2下降到2011年的1 640hm2;总的水足迹从2004年的14 598hm2上升到2011年的18 988hm2;水资源赤字从2004年的12 831hm2上升到2011年的17 348hm2;水资源负载指数非常高,2011年达到63.22,远远超过了其Ⅰ级标准。表明乌鲁木齐市的水资源利用程度非常高,必须从外界引水才能满足其发展的需要。最后根据以上结论提出一些建议。
In order to analyze and study the dynamic characteristics of water footprint and water resources carrying capacity in Urumqi, five water resources indicators of living water consumption, agricultural water consumption, industrial water consumption, urban public water consumption and ecological water consumption were built according to the ecological footprint method , And studied the dynamic characteristics of water resources carrying capacity, water footprint and water resource load in Urumqi from 2004 to 2011 using the water resource load index. The results show that the carrying capacity of water resources in Urumqi has shown an overall downward trend in fluctuation from 2004 to 2011, from 1 767hm2 in 2004 to 1 640hm2 in 2011. The total water footprint has risen from 14 598hm2 in 2004 to 18 988hm2. The water deficit has risen from 12 831hm2 in 2004 to 17 348hm2 in 2011. The water resource load index is very high, reaching 63.22 in 2011, far exceeding the Grade I standard. It shows that the utilization of water resources in Urumqi City is very high and water diversion must be made from the outside to meet its development needs. Finally, based on the above conclusions, some suggestions are made.