论文部分内容阅读
需求价格弹性(简称需求弹性),研究的是商品价格与需求变动的相互关系。1890年英国经济学家马歇尔在《经济学原理》一书中最早使用这种分析方法。假设某市场上人们对某商品的需求只受到价格这个唯一因素的影响。 实际上,需求弹性理论,只是马歇尔对古老的需求规律的一个数学翻版。需求规律告诉我们:市场上某商品价格上升,该商品需求量则减少;价格下降,需求量则增加。马歇尔运用需求弹性理论,无非是想定量地表达价格与需求的这种反向变动关系。 需求价格弹性系数E_d在现实中不仅可以由影响需求价格的因素来估测,而且这个估测出来的弹性系数反过来又可以通过价格变动与需求变动之比来预测市场需求量的变动,帮
Price elasticity of demand (referred to as demand elasticity), the study is the relationship between commodity prices and demand changes. 1890 British economist Marshall in the “Principles of Economics” the first to use this method of analysis. Suppose that the demand for a good in a market is only affected by the only factor of price. In fact, the theory of demand elasticity is just a mathematical replica of Marshall’s law of ancient needs. The law of demand tells us: When the price of a commodity in the market rises, the quantity of the commodity decreases; the price drops and the quantity of demand increases. Marshall use the theory of demand elasticity, is nothing more than to quantitatively express the inverse relationship between price and demand. In fact, the demand price elasticity coefficient E_d can not only be estimated by the factors that affect the demand price, but also the estimated elasticity coefficient can in turn predict the change of market demand through the ratio of the price change and the demand change