论文部分内容阅读
为了弄清免疫促进剂增强对虾自身免疫力的作用机理,利用脂多糖(LPS)、β 葡聚糖(β 1,3 glucan)、灭活哈维氏弧菌和灭活鳗弧菌对中国对虾血细胞的数量、形态结构以及酚氧化酶(phenoloxidase,PO)的产量与活性在刺激前后的变化进行了研究。研究结果表明,经β 葡聚糖、脂多糖、灭活哈维氏弧菌和灭活鳗弧菌刺激后,中国对虾总血细胞的数量分别增多了83.4%、52.0%、73.4%和111.3%,其中,小颗粒细胞的数量分别增多了100.4%、67.3%、57.2%和102.9%,大颗粒细胞的数量分别增多了47%、10%、127%、和173%;同时,PO的产量分别提高了81.3%、104.7%、29.2%和40.4%,但PO的单位酶活性在刺激前后没有显著变化。透射电镜(TEM)观察结果显示,中国对虾血细胞的超微结构在免疫刺激前后发生了不同程度的变化。在β 葡聚糖和脂多糖刺激下,小颗粒细胞和大颗粒细胞内糙面内质网(RER)和游离核糖体数量明显增多,线粒体数量增加,细胞内分泌颗粒的数量大幅度减少;而透明细胞的超微结构在多糖刺激前后除RER及线粒体数量略有增加、核孔复合体数量明显增加外没有显著差异。经灭活哈维氏弧菌刺激后,对虾大颗粒细胞中RER增生显著并发生泡状化,核质比明显降低;小颗粒细胞中的RER也发生增生且呈泡状化,核质比略有降低;透明细胞中RER数量明显增加,
In order to clarify the mechanism of immune enhancers in enhancing immune system of shrimp, the effects of lipopolysaccharide (LPS), beta glucan (1,3 glucan), Vibrio harveyi and inactivated Vibrio anguillarum The number of blood cells, morphological structure and the changes of the yield and activity of phenoloxidase (PO) before and after stimulation were studied. The results showed that the total hemocytes of Penaeus chinensis increased by 83.4%, 52.0%, 73.4% and 111.3%, respectively, after stimulation with β-glucan, lipopolysaccharide, Vibrio harveyi and Vibrio anguillarum, Among them, the number of small granulosa cells increased by 100.4%, 67.3%, 57.2% and 102.9%, and the number of large granulocytes increased by 47%, 10%, 127% and 173%, respectively; 81.3%, 104.7%, 29.2% and 40.4% respectively. However, the unit enzyme activity of PO did not change significantly before and after stimulation. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) observations showed that the ultrastructure of hemocytes of P. shrimp changed to varying degrees before and after immunostimulation. Under the stimulation of β-glucan and lipopolysaccharide, the number of rough endoplasmic reticulum (RER) and free ribosome in small granulosa cells and large granulocytes increased significantly, the number of mitochondria increased and the number of intracellular secretory granules decreased significantly. Cell ultrastructure before and after polysaccharide stimulation except RER and mitochondria slightly increased the number of nuclear pore complexes significantly increased outside the no significant difference. After inactivated Vibrio harveyi, the RER of bulimia prawn was significantly hyperplasia and vacuolization, and the ratio of nucleus to cytoplasm was significantly decreased. The RER of small granulosa cells also appeared hyperplastic and vacuolar, Decreased; RER in clear cells increased significantly,