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目的了解部队餐饮单位的食品卫生安全现状,分析存在的主要卫生问题,以完善部队餐饮卫生保障体系。方法采用横断面问卷调查,结合现场查看和快速检测的方法,对全军选取的70家餐饮单位进行了调查。结果在70家部队餐饮单位中,主要以军队自管为主,占总体比例的70.0%,其次为社会化保障,占28.6%。办伙方式以团以上集约化办伙为主,占64.3%。在食品加工环节中,主要存在5个方面的卫生安全问题,包括:餐饮具清洗消毒不彻底、加工间结构布局不合理、加工环节交叉污染、原料采购与贮存不符合卫生要求以及内部卫生管理不规范。餐饮单位内部有检验人员的占44.3%,配备检测设备的占40.0%,设置食品检验室的占35.7%。结论部队餐饮单位中存在食品卫生安全隐患,应当从强化落实卫生制度、完善相关设备、增强人员食品安全意识、加强内部监督力度及建立健全奖惩机制进行整体改进。
Objective To understand the status quo of food hygiene and safety of food units in military units and to analyze the major health problems that exist so as to improve the food and health security system for military units. Methods A cross-sectional questionnaire survey was conducted to investigate 70 food and beverage units selected by the PLA with field inspection and quick test. As a result, of the 70 military units catering mainly to self-management by armies, accounting for 70.0% of the total, followed by social security, accounting for 28.6%. The way to do things to the group above the main office of intensive, accounting for 64.3%. In the food processing sector, there are mainly five aspects of health and safety issues, including: cleaning and disinfection of tableware is not complete, the structure of the processing plant layout is not reasonable, cross-contamination processing, raw materials procurement and storage does not meet the health requirements and internal health management specification. Catering units within the inspectors accounted for 44.3%, equipped with testing equipment accounted for 40.0%, set food inspection room accounted for 35.7%. Conclusions There are hidden dangers in food hygiene and safety in military catering units. The overall improvement should be made from strengthening the implementation of health system, improving related equipment, enhancing food safety awareness of personnel, strengthening internal supervision and establishing and perfecting reward and punishment mechanism.