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目的探索湖北省血吸虫病传播控制(传控)、传播阻断(传阻)以及阻断后疫情回升地区螺情与病情变化规律。方法选择湖北省大冶市、武穴市和京山县为调查点,采用回顾性调查方法,收集、整理3个县达到传控前10年至2008年的疫情资料并建立数据库,分析各县螺情病情变化趋势和规律。结果大冶市1987年达传阻后无螺无病,人群感染率与耕牛感染率、有螺面积呈正相关(r=0.865,0.843,P均<0.01)。武穴市有螺面积占历史累计面积比例,传控至传阻期间保持稳定,达传阻后3年回升,达到历史最高水平的8.93%。京山县达传控后人群和耕牛感染率均在1%~2%;有螺面积占历史累计面积比例从1985年的1.63%上升至2008年的21.50%,活螺密度至2005年开始回升。结论感染性钉螺可能是预测螺情和病情回升的敏感指标;疫情的消除有赖于钉螺面积的控制,包括加强感染性钉螺和其他有螺地区的防控力度。
Objective To explore the rules of transmission and control (transmission control), transmission interruption (transmission resistance) of schistosomiasis in Hubei province and the changes of the snail status and disease in areas where the outbreak of the epidemic resumed. Methods Daye, Wuxue and Jingshan counties in Hubei Province were selected as the investigation points. By using retrospective survey methods, the epidemic data of the three counties in the three counties from the first 10 years to the year of 2008 were collected and analyzed. Situation and change the trend of the law. Results In 1987, Daye City reached no resistance and no disease after transmission resistance. The infection rate was positively correlated with cattle infection rate and snail area (r = 0.865,0.843, P <0.01). Wuxue snail area accounted for the historical cumulative area ratio, transmission control to the resistance period remained stable up to 3 years after the resistance rose to the highest level of 8.93%. In Jingshan County, the infection rate of cattle and cattle were both 1% -2%. The proportion of snail area to historical accumulated area increased from 1.63% in 1985 to 21.50% in 2008, and the density of live snails began to rise in 2005 . Conclusion Infectious snail may be a sensitive index to predict the snail status and disease recovery. The elimination of the epidemic depends on the control of snail area, including strengthening the prevention and control of infectious snails and other snail areas.