毛主席关于两类不同性质矛盾的学说大大地发展了辩证唯物主义及历史唯物主义,因而政治经济学的方法论也就不能停留在原来的水平上。如果依据这一伟大的学说来检查我们过去研究社会主义经济的方法,至少有下列各点值得考虑: 一忽略了经济领域中人与人的关系政治经济学的对象并不是物的生产、流通、分配和消费本身,而是它们所表现的人与人的关系。前者是现象,后者是本质。政治经济学要通过现象来揭露本质,还要分析现象与本质的相互关系。“资本论”就是典型的范例。可是,在过去社会主义经济学所探讨的大都限于物的关系,很少人的关系,更谈不到两者间的相互关系。实际上,剥开了物的关 Chairman Mao’s theory on two types of contradictions of different nature has greatly developed dialectical materialism and historical materialism, so that the methodology of political economy can not remain at its original level. According to this great doctrine, to examine our past methods of studying the socialist economy, at least the following points are worth considering: First, ignoring the economic field, the relationship between people and political economy is not the object of production, circulation, Distribution and consumption itself, but rather the relationship between people they show. The former is the phenomenon, the latter is the essence. Political economy should reveal the essence through the phenomenon, but also analyze the interrelationship between the phenomenon and essence. Capitalism is a classic example. However, in the past most studies of socialist economics were limited to material relations, very few human relations, let alone the interrelationship between the two. In fact, the object is peeled off