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针对我国待建的110 m全可动射电望远镜(QTT)的工作特点,以提高主反射面精度为目标,以最佳吻合抛物面为拟合标准,分析了传统结构方案致使精度较低的本质原因为反射体变形不均匀,主要源于如下三方面:主反射面存在集中荷载作用、背架结构支承方案不合理、背架结构体系空间受力性能不佳。基于此,改变副反射面撑腿坐落位置,对背架结构采用三角锥、四角锥相结合的网架式结构方案,并对其引入一种高度极对称的伞撑式支承方案。最终提出的全可动望远镜结构总体方案显著提高了主反射面精度,其RMS最大值可降至0.306 mm;相较目前世界最大的全可动射电望远镜GBT而言,其反射面积增大了10%,精度提高了12.6%,自重降低了40%,其研究成果达到国际先进水平。
According to the working characteristics of the 110 m all-movable telescopic telescope (QTT) to be built in our country, with the goal of improving the accuracy of the main reflector surface and the best paralleling paraboloid, the inherent causes of low accuracy of the traditional structure solution are analyzed The uneven deformation of the reflector mainly results from the following three aspects: the main reflector has a concentrated load, the support structure of the back frame is unreasonable, and the space frame performance of the back frame is poor. Based on this, changing the position of the supporting leg of the secondary reflecting surface, adopting the truss structure with triangular pyramid and quadrangular pyramid to the back truss structure, and introducing a kind of highly polar symmetrical umbrella supporting structure. The final proposed total movable telescope structure overall program significantly improves the accuracy of the main reflector, the RMS maximum can be reduced to 0.306 mm; compared to the world’s largest all-movable radio telescope GBT, the reflection area increased by 10 %, The precision is improved by 12.6% and the weight is reduced by 40%. Its research achievement has reached the international advanced level.