论文部分内容阅读
费尔巴哈哲学是马克思主义哲学的重要思想来源之一,费尔巴哈的“类”概念则是马克思形成“社会”概念的理论中介。费尔巴哈试图改造基督教教义中“三位一体”的思想,进而形成了以“我”和“你”之间的关系为基础的“类”概念体系。在费尔巴哈那里,“类”一方面是指人的本质属性,另一方面是指在“我”之外的其他一切个体的集合。从《论犹太人问题》、《巴黎手稿》等文本中可以看出,马克思早期受到了费尔巴哈“类”思想的较大影响,但马克思在《穆勒评注》中已开始用“社会”概念取代“类”概念。马克思的“社会”概念与费尔巴哈的“类”概念的根本区别在于二者在构成原理上的差别,同时马克思的“社会”概念也内在地包含了“类”概念的两个维度。马克思正是以“社会”概念实现了对费尔巴哈“类”概念的超越,从而实现了向新哲学的转变。
Feuerbach’s philosophy is one of the important sources of Marxist philosophy. Feuerbach’s concept of “class” is the theoretical intermediary of Marx’s concept of “social”. Feuerbach tried to reconstruct the idea of “Trinity” in the Christian doctrine and thus formed the conceptual system of “category” based on the relationship between “I” and “You”. In Feuerbach, the “class” refers, on the one hand, to the essential attributes of human beings and, on the other, to the collection of all other individuals outside of “I”. From the texts “On the Jewish Question” and “The Paris Manuscript”, it can be seen that Marx was greatly influenced by Feuerbach’s thought of “class” in the early days, but Marx started to use The concept of “social” supersedes the notion of “class”. The fundamental difference between Marx’s concept of “society ” and Feuerbach’s “class ” lies in the fact that the two are different in principle, meanwhile, Marx’s “social ”Concept of two dimensions. It is from the concept of “society ” that Marx has realized the transcendence of Feuerbach ’s concept of “class ”, thus realizing the change to the new philosophy.