溺死是由于液体阻塞呼吸道及肺泡,阻碍气体交换,致使体内缺氧、二氧化碳潴留而发生的窒息死亡[1]。在实际检案中,水中尸体大多数属意外,少数属自杀,也有他杀后移尸入水而伪装自溺者。因此,对于水中尸体进行溺死诊断需十分谨慎。本文介绍硅藻检验用于1例他杀案件中死者遭受锐器作用致肺破裂等多处损伤后入水的溺死诊断, Drowning is due to fluid blocking the respiratory and alveolar, impeding gas exchange, resulting in hypoxia, carbon dioxide retention and the occurrence of suffocation [1]. In the actual prosecution, most of the bodies in the water were accidental, a small number of suicide, but also killed him after the corpse into the water and camouflage drowning. Therefore, careful diagnosis of drowning in water bodies is required. This article introduces the diatom test for the diagnosis of drowning in water after many injuries such as rupture of lung caused by sharps in the case of killing him in one case.