乡村中国是20世纪中国文学叙述场中的主角。凭借对乡村中国的个体体验与集体记忆,不同作家笔下的乡村中国构成了20世纪中国文学场中的乡土文学的盛况。纵观20世纪中国乡土文学发展之路,大致可分为三个阶段。一是文学启蒙阶段。在这一阶段,作家遵循着农民由于物质贫困导致精神匮乏的思考路径,将乡土文学的描述场景多放在农民生活的贫困、精神的麻木、社会地位的低下等方面。如台静农的《蚯蚓们》、鲁 Country China is the protagonist in the narrative field of 20th century Chinese literature. By virtue of individual experience and collective memory of rural China, the rural China by different writers constitutes the grand occasion of local literature in the field of Chinese literature of the 20th century. Looking at the development of Chinese native literature in the 20th century can be roughly divided into three stages. First, the stage of literary enlightenment. At this stage, the author follows the path of thinking of peasants who are mentally deficient due to material poverty, and places the description scene of local literature mostly in the poverty of peasant life, the numbness of spirit, the low social status. Such as Taiwan static farmers “earthworms”, Lu