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九段沙湿地是典型的长江口沙洲,对长江和东海鱼类资源有重要的影响。为了解九段沙湿地鱼类多样性及变化趋势,于2009至2012年对其进行了16次调查,结果显示:(1)4年在九段沙湿地捕获鱼类12 477尾,共96种,新记录鱼类15种;(2)结合历史资料,至2012年底九段沙湿地共记录鱼类158种,以鲈形目种类居多,有54种;鲤形目次之,共27种;(3)优势种有斑尾刺虾虎鱼(Acanthogobius hasta)、(Liza haematocheila)、棱(Liza carinatus)、刀鲚(Coilia ectenes)、凤鲚(Coilia mystus)和中国花鲈(Lateolabrax maculates);(4)上沙、中沙和下沙鱼类组成存在差异,盐度是影响鱼类组成结构的重要因素。研究表明九段沙湿地鱼类资源较丰富,具有长江口鱼类区系特征,但鱼类多样性呈逐年降低的趋势,种类组成也逐年在发生变化。
Jiuduansha wetland is a typical sand mouth of the Yangtze River estuary, which has an important impact on fish resources in the Yangtze River and the East China Sea. In order to understand the diversity and trend of fish diversity in Jiuduansha wetland, 16 surveys were carried out from 2009 to 2012. The results showed that: (1) 12 477 fish were caught in Jiuduansha wetland in 4 years, a total of 96 species were newly found 15 species of fish were recorded; (2) According to historical data, a total of 158 species of fish were recorded in Jiuduansha wetlands by the end of 2012, with Perciformes as 54 species; Acanthogobius hasta, Liza haematocheila, Liza carinatus, Coilia ectenes, Coilia mystus, and Lateolabrax maculates; (4) There are differences in the composition of fish in the sand, sand and sand, salinity is an important factor affecting the composition of fish. Studies have shown that the Jiuduansha wetland is rich in fish resources and has the characteristics of fish fauna in the Yangtze Estuary. However, the diversity of fish species tends to decrease year by year, and the species composition also changes year by year.