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目的了解2004至2006年流感流行季节流感病毒型及亚型在上海及无锡两地流感样患者中流行情况及病毒型内血凝素(HA)基因变异状况。方法与上海及无锡市疾病预防控制中心合作,对门诊流感样患者及集体单位聚集性流感样暴发患者采集鼻咽拭标本,接种MDCK细胞,分离流感病毒,直接荧光免疫法鉴定阳性分离株型别,对甲型流感病毒采用RT-PCR鉴定亚型,并对部分H3、H1亚型流感病毒进行HA全基因片段测序,分析流感病毒HA基因变异状况。结果2004年8月至2006年9月,上海及无锡两地流感样患者中共分离到126株流感病毒,其中53株为H3N2亚型,43株为H1N1亚型,30株为B型。聚集性流感样疾病暴发多在2、3月份,分析7起聚集性流感样疾病暴发,分别为H3N2流感病毒感染2起,H1N1流感病毒感染1起,B型2起,及H3N2、B和H1N1、B混合感染各1起。HA序列分析,H1、H3与同期其他国家和地区的分离株近源。结论上海及无锡两地散发和局部暴发的甲型流感病毒感染仍主要为H1N1、H3N2亚型,未发现HA、NA重组株和新的HA、NA亚型;1～3月份为发病高峰;H1、H3型内变异状况与其他国家和地区相似。
Objective To investigate the prevalence of influenza virus type 1 and influenza virus (HA) gene mutations in influenza-like patients in Shanghai and Wuxi from 2004 to 2006. Methods In cooperation with Shanghai and Wuxi CDC, nasopharyngeal swab samples were collected from outpatients with influenza-like illness and with agglomerative influenza-like outbreak in collective units. MDCK cells were inoculated and influenza virus was isolated. The positive isolates were identified by direct immunofluorescence , And the subtypes were identified by RT-PCR for influenza A virus. The whole HA gene fragment of some H3 and H1 subtype influenza viruses was sequenced to analyze the HA gene variation of influenza virus. Results From August 2004 to September 2006, 126 influenza viruses were isolated from influenza-like patients in Shanghai and Wuxi. Among them, 53 strains were H3N2 subtype, 43 strains were H1N1 subtype and 30 strains were B type. Aggregated influenza-like illness outbreaks were mostly in February and March, and seven outbreaks of aggregated influenza-like illness were analyzed, with two cases of H3N2 influenza virus infection, one case of H1N1 influenza virus infection, two cases of type B and three cases of H3N2, B and H1N1 , B mixed infection of each one. HA sequence analysis, H1, H3 and other countries and regions near the same period isolates. Conclusions Influenza A (H1N1) and H3N2 subtypes are still mainly distributed in Shanghai and Wuxi, and no HA and NA recombinant strains and new subtypes of HA and NA are found. The incidence of H1N1 and H3N1 is H1 , H3 within the similarities with other countries and regions.