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目前计算机及其外围设备中广泛采用小型排风扇,甚至机内CPU也专门装有微型排风扇以利散热。PC机排风扇大多采用新型的直流无刷电机,此种电机采用霍尔元件组成磁场方向检测电路,并用三极管作为换向开关,因此工作中无火花发生,只要电机外壳有充分的磁屏蔽,几乎不产生电磁场干扰。由于计算机或某些仪器中的排风扇连续工作时间长、转速高,因而故障率也较高,而电机内部的小印制板排列紧凑,通常不提供电路图,维修较为困难。本文介绍两种计算机用排风扇的换向电路,供读者参考。不同型号电机换向器电路可能不同,但基本原理相同,电路结构大同小异。
At present, the computer and its peripherals are widely used in small exhaust fans, and even the CPU in the machine is specially equipped with a micro exhaust fan to facilitate heat dissipation. PC fan most of the new DC brushless motor, the motor components using the magnetic field direction detection circuit, and the transistor as the commutation switch, so there is no spark in the work, as long as the motor housing has a full magnetic shield, almost Generate electromagnetic interference. As the computer or some of the instruments in the exhaust fan continuous working time, high speed, so the failure rate is higher, and the motor within the small printed circuit board arranged compact, usually do not provide the circuit diagram, maintenance is more difficult. This article describes two kinds of computer fan exhaust commutation circuit for readers reference. Different types of motor commutator circuit may be different, but the same basic principle, the circuit structure is similar.