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次级源为平面声源的三层有源隔声结构,深入理解有源隔声的物理机理有助于挖掘降噪潜力及实现系统优化设计。首先对三层有源隔声结构建模并求解系统的振动响应。然后,对控制前三层结构中声能量的传输规律进行深入分析。最后,在辐射板声功率最小条件下,通过分析控制前后声能量传输特性的变化阐述了隔声的物理机理。结果表明,声能量在三层结构中传输形成四个等效的传输通道,中间板与两腔的作用类似带通滤波器,不同的传输通道具有相似的带通特性。有源隔声机理在于,通过控制抑制了通带内的能量传输,显著提高了三层结构整体的隔声性能,从而有效阻止了声波的向后传播。
The secondary source is a three-layer active sound insulation structure of a planar sound source. A thorough understanding of the physical mechanism of active sound insulation can help to excavate the potential for noise reduction and optimize the system design. Firstly, the three-layer active acoustic structure is modeled and the vibration response of the system is solved. Then, the transmission law of the acoustic energy in the first three layers of the structure is analyzed in depth. Finally, the physical mechanism of sound insulation is expounded by analyzing the change of acoustic energy transmission characteristics before and after the control under the minimum acoustic power of radiant panel. The results show that the acoustic energy is transmitted in the three-layer structure to form four equivalent transmission channels. The effect of the middle plate and the two chambers is similar to the band-pass filter, and the different transmission channels have similar band-pass characteristics. The mechanism of active sound insulation is that by suppressing the energy transmission in the passband, the overall sound insulation performance of the three-layer structure is significantly improved, thereby effectively preventing the backward propagation of sound waves.