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综合利用环境卫星(HJ-1A/1B)数据与MODIS数据,采用NDVI(归一化植被指数)和人工辅助判读方法,针对2015年黄海浒苔爆发过程进行遥感监测,并分析台风“灿鸿”过境对浒苔生长过程及漂移路径的影响。结果表明:(1)5月10日浒苔最早在江苏盐城东部海域监测到,面积仅有0.831km~2,然后,在东南季风的作用下由南向北逐渐漂移至山东青岛海域,影响面积逐渐扩大;6月下旬覆盖面积达到最大1 752.756km~2;7、8月份浒苔逐渐消退,并在朝鲜南部海湾发现面积达38.791km~2的浒苔分布。黄海海域浒苔经历了“出现—发展—爆发—衰退—消亡”过程;(2)台风“灿鸿”一定程度上改变了浒苔继续北上的路径,整体向西南漂移,致使浒苔中心南移至连云港东部海域,并推测有部分浒苔漂移至朝鲜南部海湾;(3)从监测数据看,MODIS和环境卫星(HJ-1A/1B)两个数据源空间分辨率差异明显,分辨率分别为250 m和30 m,其监测浒苔面积相差约2.26倍,通过建立二者的函数关系,弥补了环境数据短缺现象。
Based on the data of HJ-1A / 1B and MODIS, the NDVI (Normalized Vegetation Index) and artificial interpretation method were used to monitor the outbreak of Enteromorpha species in the Yellow Sea in 2015, The Influence of Transit on the Growth Process and Drift Path of Enteromorpha. The results showed that: (1) Enteromorpha was firstly detected in the eastern sea area of Yancheng, Jiangsu on May 10, with an area of only 0.831km ~ 2. Afterwards, it gradually drifted from south to north under the influence of the southeast monsoon to the sea area of Qingdao, Gradually increased. In late June, the coverage reached the maximum of 1,752.756km ~ 2. In July and August, Enteromorpha gradually subsided and the distribution of Enteromorpha in the southern Gulf of Korea was found to be 38.791km ~ 2. (2) typhoon “Can Hong” to some extent changed the path Enteromorpha continue to the north, the overall drift to the southwest, resulting in the Outbreak of Hu (3) From the monitoring data, the spatial resolution of the two data sources of MODIS and Environmental Satellite (HJ-1A / 1B) is obviously different, Resolution of 250 m and 30 m, respectively, and its monitoring Enteromorpha area difference of about 2.26 times, through the establishment of a functional relationship between the two to make up for the shortage of environmental data.