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1 黄河滩区的基本情况和水利工程建设现状黄河下游(自孟津铁谢至垦利渔洼)共有大小滩区120多个,滩区总面积3544km~2,现有耕地面积约22.33万hm~2,人口147万人。由于洪、涝、旱、沙、碱等自然灾害严重,农业生产落后,产量低而不稳,为滩区居民生产、生活带来极大的困难。长期以来,黄河滩区水利工程建设非常少,20世纪五六十年代,国家投资兴修水利工程,当时由于勘测、规划、设计仓促,经费不足,配套不全,施工条件简陋,工程质量差,后期又缺乏维修管理,经过几十年的运行,不少工程已超过规定的使用年限,普遍老化损坏,灌区骨干建筑物的完好率不足40%。输水效率低,渗漏损失大。为了尽快改变滩区低产贫困面貌,从1988年7月至1997年7月中央利用国家土地开发基金4亿
1 The basic situation of the Yellow River beach area and the status quo of water conservancy construction The lower reaches of the Yellow River (from Metzkin Xie to Kenli Caves) have a total of more than 120 beach areas, beach area of 3544km ~ 2, the existing cultivated land area of about 223,300 hm ~ 2, population 1.47 million. Due to serious floods, floods, drought, sand, alkali and other natural disasters, backward agricultural production, low yield and instability, beach area residents to produce and live in great difficulties. For a long time, the construction of water conservancy projects in the Yellow River beach area has been very little. In the 1950s and 1960s, the state invested in the construction of water conservancy projects. At that time, due to the lack of funds, insufficient supporting facilities, poor construction conditions, poor construction quality, Lack of maintenance and management. After several decades of operation, many projects have exceeded the stipulated useful life and are generally aged and damaged. The intact rate of backbone buildings in the irrigated area is less than 40%. Low water efficiency, leakage loss. In order to change the appearance of poverty-stricken low-yielding areas as soon as possible, from July 1988 to July 1997, the Central Government used 400 million yuan of the National Land Development Fund