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根结线虫是世界农业生产中危害最大的植物病原之一,目前仍缺乏安全有效的防治措施。深入揭示寄生线虫与植物之间互作的分子机制,利用生物技术进行抗性育种被认为是最有前景的抗线虫策略。在根结线虫基因组学研究方面,目前已经构建了北方根结线虫AFLP遗传连锁图谱,南方根结线虫和北方根结线虫基因组测序也已完成;基因组的注释和比较基因组学分析,较全面地描述了根结线虫的遗传组成;以差异表达分析和比较基因组学为主的方法鉴定了大量的重要基因;以RNA干扰、植物转化和蛋白互作为主的根结线虫基因功能研究也取得了一些进展。本文就根结线虫基因组学研究予以综述,并进一步探讨其研究方向和可持续抗线虫新策略的发展前景。
Root-knot nematode is one of the most harmful plant pathogens in agricultural production in the world. Currently, there is still a lack of safe and effective control measures. In-depth understanding of the molecular mechanism of the interaction between parasitic nematodes and plants, and biotechnological resistance breeding is considered as the most promising anti-nematode strategy. In the root-knot nematode genomics research, the northern root knot nematode AFLP genetic linkage map has been constructed, the southern root-knot nematode and northern root-knot nematode genome sequencing has been completed; genome annotation and comparative genomics analysis, a more comprehensive description The genetic composition of root-knot nematode was analyzed. A large number of important genes were identified by differential expression analysis and comparative genomics. Some progresses were also made in the study of gene function of root-knot nematodes with RNA interference, plant transformation and protein interaction . In this paper, we summarize the genomics of root knot nematode and further explore its research direction and the development prospects of a new strategy of sustainable nematode resistance.