在日语教学实践中,学生回避使用惯用语的现象十分普遍,教师也多采用传统的教学方法讲解惯用语。据此,本文拟从认知语义学中的隐喻和转喻的角度,以人体词汇“头”及其惯用语为例,探索其语义扩展规律,将看似纷繁复杂的日语惯用语简单化、系统化,从而为学生的学习探索出一种新的方法。 In Japanese teaching practice, students avoid the use of idioms is very common, teachers also use traditional teaching methods to explain idioms. Therefore, this paper attempts to explore the law of semantic expansion from the perspectives of metaphor and metonymy in cognitive semantics using the human lexicon “head ” and its idioms as examples, and to simplify the seemingly complicated Japanese idioms And systematization, so as to explore a new method for students’ learning.