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在全球范围内,我国东北冻土区是受气候变暖和人为活动影响最显著的地区之一.近几十年来,区内冻土退化显著,大兴安岭多年冻土退化主要表现为多年冻土上限下降,温度升高,厚度减薄,融区扩大;多年冻土岛消失及多年冻土南界北移等几个方面.多年冻土退化的主要自然原因归结于气候变暖,特别是冬季变暖,降水和积雪时段和厚度等气候变化因素.以城镇化、重大工程建设为代表的人类活动,已对该区冻土和环境产生深刻影响,导致了多年冻土的快速、显著和大规模退化,但其影响机制的合理解释还需深入研究.
Globally, the permafrost region in Northeast China is one of the most affected areas affected by climate warming and human activities.In recent decades, the degradation of permafrost in the region has been significant, and the degradation of permafrost in the Greater Hinggan Mountains has been mainly characterized by the decline of the upper limit of permafrost , Temperature increase, thickness thinning, expansion of melting zone, disappearance of permafrost island and the southward movement of permafrost.The main natural causes of the degradation of permafrost are ascribed to climate warming, especially in winter , Precipitation and snow cover period and thickness, etc. Human activities, such as urbanization and major construction, have had a profound impact on the permafrost and the environment in this area, resulting in the rapid, significant and large-scale development of permafrost Degradation, but its reasonable explanation of the mechanism needs further study.