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直接物质投入(DMI)和本地过程排放(DPO)是物质流分析框架中两个重要指标,可以反映一个经济系统的资源环境压力。本文基于经济系统物质流分析方法(EW-MFA,Economy-Wide Material Flow Analysis)核算中国30个省(市)1992年和2014年的人均DMI和人均DPO指标,分析中国社会经济系统资源环境压力的时空变化。结果显示:对比1992年和2014年,各省份的资源环境压力均呈增大趋势,其中黄河中游和西北各省份的资源环境压力增长最快;各省份的资源环境压力差距较大,总体呈现西北高、东南低的分布格局,其中内蒙古、山西、青海、宁夏等西北和黄河中游省份的资源环境压力最大,北京、上海、天津、广东等东部省份的资源环境压力最小,这一分布情况主要由各省份资源禀赋和产业结构差距较大导致;中国各经济区均面临不同程度的资源环境问题,但改变中国资源环境压力大、可持续发展潜力不足的关键在西北和黄河中游以及北部沿海和东部沿海经济区。
DMI and DPO are two important indicators in the framework of material flow analysis, which can reflect the resource and environmental pressure of an economic system. Based on the EW-MFA (Economic-Wide Material Flow Analysis), this paper calculates the per capita DMI and per capita DPO index of China’s 30 provinces (cities) in 1992 and 2014, and analyzes the pressure of resources and environment in China’s socio-economic system Time and space changes. The results showed that compared with 1992 and 2014, the pressure on resources and environment in all provinces showed an increasing trend, of which the pressure on resources and environment in the middle reaches of the Yellow River and the provinces in the northwest increased fastest. The pressures on resources and the environment in all provinces were quite different, Among them, Inner Mongolia, Shanxi, Qinghai, Ningxia and other provinces in the northwest and the middle reaches of the Yellow River have the most pressure on resources and the environment. The pressure on resources and environment in the eastern provinces such as Beijing, Shanghai, Tianjin and Guangdong is the smallest. This distribution mainly consists of The resource endowments and industrial structure in each province are quite different. The various economic zones in China are facing different levels of resource and environmental problems. However, the key to changing the pressure on resources and environment in China and the potential for sustainable development lies in the middle reaches of the northwest and the Yellow River and the northern coast and east Coastal Economic Zone.