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一、雾的一般提法 雾是低层大气在贴近下垫面的一种凝结现象,在陆上和海上都可以生成,但海雾是指在海洋影响下生成在海洋上的雾,因而其生成、维持和消散的过程具有其自身的特点。海雾的存在与海洋环境有着密切的关系,而海洋环境主要指的是水文状况和气象条件。换句话说,海雾是在特定的海洋水文和气象条件下产生的,在那些经常可以满足成雾条件的海区,海雾出现的机会就多,反之亦然,因而海洋上海雾的分布具有很强的区域性和季节性。 海雾在海上形成后,会随风逐流,向风的下游扩展。在沿海地区,海雾自然可以登陆,深入陆地,有时达几十公里,登陆后的海雾,仍保持海雾的特征,但在新的环境影响下,很快变性消散,或变成低云。不过在近海处,登陆的海雾虽不断消散,却又不断有新的从海上补充,所以沿海地区有时海雾会持续几天。 海雾在海上生成被输送到陆上,自然仍称海雾,但在陆地上生成的雾扩展到海上却不是海雾,尤其那些在陆上生成随天气系统移到海上的雾,只能叫做“海上的雾”。例如象锋面雾,纯属天气系统的雾,陆上有,海上也有,虽然海洋可以给予一定程度的影响,但它的生成,却出于天气系统,而不是纯粹海洋的影响,因而不能列入海雾的范围。
First, the general formulation of the fog Fog is a condensation phenomenon of the lower atmosphere close to the underlying surface, can be generated on land and sea, but the sea fog is generated under the influence of the ocean in the ocean fog, and thus its formation , Maintain and dissipate the process has its own characteristics. The existence of sea fog is closely related to the marine environment, which mainly refers to hydrological conditions and meteorological conditions. In other words, the sea fog is generated under specific ocean hydrological and meteorological conditions. In those sea areas that often meet the conditions of fogging, there are more opportunities for sea fog and vice versa, so the distribution of ocean fog in the ocean is very good Strong regional and seasonal. After the formation of the sea fog at sea, it will follow the trend of the wind, extending to the lower reaches of the wind. In the coastal areas, sea fog can land, land deep, sometimes up to tens of kilometers. After landing, sea fog still maintains the characteristics of sea fog. However, due to the new environment, it rapidly degenerates or becomes a low cloud . However, in the offshore, sea fog landing lasted, but continue to have a new supplement from the sea, so the coastal areas sometimes sea fog will last a few days. Sea fog is generated at sea and transported to land. Sea fog is still said to be natural, but the fog generated on land extends to the sea but it is not a sea fog. In particular, fog that is generated on land and moved to the sea with the weather system can only be called “Sea fog.” For example, frost-like fog is purely a fog of the weather system. Lands and seas are also present. Although the oceans can give a certain degree of impact, they are generated out of the weather system rather than purely marine influences and thus can not be included The range of sea fog.