论文部分内容阅读
综述了近年来国内外在新型生物可降解材料聚羟基脂肪酸酯(Polyhydroxyalkanoates,PHA)家族主要代表:聚羟基丁酸酯(PHB)、聚3-羟基丁酸酯-co-3-羟基戊酸酯的共聚物(PHBV),聚3-羟基丁酸酯-co-4-羟基丁酸酯的共聚物(P3/4HB)和聚3-羟基丁酸酯-co-3-羟基己酸酯的共聚物(PHBHHx)的生物、化学和物理三种改性和加工方面的研究进展。通过生物方法可以使PHA材料的化学结构、组成、机械力学性能和成型加工性能更具有多样性和可调性;通过化学途径可以使PHA材料的功能性进一步突出和增强,例如可以使PHA为基础的材料具有优异的生物医学性能,同时也具有好的加工性能;利用物理共混和反应性挤出使PHA材料的所有性能缺陷得到进一步修补,使其更具有实用价值。近十年来,通过以上这些改性手段的结合,PHA力学性能不均衡和成型加工的难题得到了解决,使PHA生物聚酯这类新型非石油基高分子材料得到了飞速发展,其综合性能甚至价格具备了代替部分石油基高分子材料的可能,PHA生物聚酯的规模化工业制造和应用的时代已经来临。
In this paper, the main representatives of polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA) family of novel biodegradable materials at home and abroad are summarized: polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB), poly 3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3- (PHBV), a copolymer of poly 3-hydroxybutyrate-co-4-hydroxybutyrate (P3 / 4HB) and a copolymer of poly 3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyhexanoate Copolymer (PHBHHx) biological, chemical and physical three kinds of modification and processing research progress. Through biological methods, the chemical structure, composition, mechanical and formative properties of PHA materials can be more diversified and tunable. The chemical functions of PHA materials can be further prominently enhanced and enhanced, for example, PHA can be based on PHA Of the material has excellent biomedical properties, but also has good processing properties; the use of physical blending and reactive extrusion of PHA material to further repair all the performance defects, making it more practical value. In recent ten years, through the combination of these modification methods, the problems of unbalanced PHA mechanical properties and forming processing have been solved, and the new non-petroleum polymer materials such as PHA bio-polyester have been developed rapidly. Their comprehensive performance even The price has replaced the possibility of some petroleum-based polymer materials, PHA bio-polyester large-scale industrial manufacturing and application of the time has come.