目的:研究宜春市上高县4年期间居民恶性肿瘤的死因情况,为肿瘤防治工作提供科学依据。方法:统计2009-2012年上高县户籍居民死因监测资料中死于恶性肿瘤的1 124例病例资料,对其死亡趋势的变化、不同性别和年龄的恶性肿瘤死亡信息及各类肿瘤的死亡率排位情况进行描述性分析。计数资料用χ2检验法进行统计分析。检验水准α=0.05。结果:2009-2012年恶性肿瘤死亡占全部死亡的16.9%(1 124/6 640),死亡率为81.8/10万,粗死亡率4年期间分别为75.2/10万、63.1/10万、85.1/10万和106.5/10万,差异有统计学意义,χ2=42.2,P=0.004;标化死亡率分别为70.9/10万、59.6/10万、73.9/10万、88.9/10万。4年间恶性肿瘤死亡率男性为103.8/10万,女性为58.1/10万,差异有统计学意义,χ2=56.4,P=0.001;标化死亡率男性为97.1/10万,女性为48.9/10万。0~14岁年龄组恶性肿瘤死亡率为2.2/10万,15~39岁为15.1/10万,40~64岁为102.3/10万,≥65岁为531.3/10万,差异有统计学意义,χ2=2 448.7,P<0.001。恶性肿瘤死亡顺位前5位分别为肺癌、肝癌、胃癌、结肠直肠肛门癌和白血病,占所有恶性肿瘤死亡的68.6%(771/1 124),消化道肿瘤占前5位肿瘤死亡的51.5%(397/771)。结论:应采取有效的防治措施,特别是对≥40岁年龄组人群,减少或预防恶性肿瘤的发生。同时肺癌、消化道癌以及白血病防治工作应为今后肿瘤防治的重点。 Objective: To study the cause of death of malignant tumor of residents during 4 years in Shanggao county of Yichun City, and to provide a scientific basis for the prevention and treatment of cancer. Methods: A total of 1 124 cases of death from malignant tumors from 2009 to 2012 in Shanggao County were analyzed. The changes of their mortality trends, the deaths of malignant tumors of different genders and ages, and the death rates of all kinds of tumors Qualitative description of the situation. Counting data using χ2 test for statistical analysis. Test level α = 0.05. Results: The death rate of malignant tumor from 2009 to 2012 accounted for 16.9% (1 124/6 640) of the total deaths and the death rate was 81.8 / 100 000. The crude death rates were 75.2 / 100 000, 63.1 / 100 000 and 85.1 / 100000 and 106.5 / 100000, the difference was statistically significant, χ2 = 42.2, P = 0.004; standardized mortality were 70.9 / 100000, 59.6 / 100000, 73.9 / 100000, 88.9 / 100000. The mortality rate of malignant tumors in 4 years was 103.8 / 100 000, with 58.1 / 100 of females, the difference was statistically significant (χ2 = 56.4, P = 0.001). The standardized mortality rate was 97.1 per 100,000 for males and 48.9 per females Million The mortality rate of malignant tumor in the 0-14 age group was 2.2 / 100,000, 15.1 / 100,000 in 15-39 years, 102.3 / 100,000 in 40-64 years and 531.3 / 100000 in 65 years of age, the difference was statistically significant , χ2 = 2 448.7, P <0.001. The top 5 malignant tumor deaths were lung cancer, liver cancer, gastric cancer, colorectal anorectal cancer and leukemia respectively, accounting for 68.6% (771/1 124) of all malignant deaths and gastrointestinal cancers accounting for 51.5% of the top 5 cancer deaths. (397/771). Conclusion: Effective prevention and treatment measures should be taken, especially for people over 40 years of age, to reduce or prevent the occurrence of malignant tumors. At the same time, lung cancer, gastrointestinal cancer and prevention and treatment of leukemia should be the focus of future cancer prevention and treatment.