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我国尚未建立未成年人前科消灭制度,虽然《刑法修正案(八)》和新《刑事诉讼法》相继规定了未成年人免除前科报告义务和有条件的前科封存制度,但都没有从根本上消除犯罪前科给罪错未成年人带来的不利影响。在国际法领域,与青年问题相关的一些重要国际条文中,都涉及了未成年人前科消灭问题;在域外,俄罗斯、日本、德国等世界主要国家,也建立了相对完善的未成年人前科消灭制度;在国内,构建我国的未成年人前科消灭制度更是奉行宽严相济的刑事政策的题中之意。本文意在从实际出发,分析构建未成年人前科消灭制度的必要性,分析对比各国立法关于未成年人前科消灭问题的规定,借鉴其实践经验,对我国未成年人前科消灭制度的构建进行设想。
Although no system has been established for the elimination of minors in our country, the “Criminal Law Amendment (8)” and the new “Criminal Procedure Law” have successively laid down the obligation of minors to exempt from forensic reporting and the preconditions for the preservation of criminal record but none of them fundamentally Eliminate the negative impact of criminal forensics on minor offenders. In the field of international law, some important international articles relating to youth issues have dealt with the elimination of minors; in other major countries in the world such as Russia, Japan and Germany, they have also established a relatively complete system of the elimination of minor criminal records ; In our country, building the system of eliminating ethnic minorities in our country is even more a question of pursuing the criminal policy of strict and lenient cooperation. This article intends to analyze the necessity of constructing the elimination system of minors, analyze and compare the provisions of each country’s legislation on the elimination of criminal records of minors, and draw lessons from its practical experience to envisage the construction of the elimination system of minors in our country. .