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“介词 + 关系代词”既能引导限制性定语从句又能引导非限制性定语从句。先行词是指物的名词时关系代词用which； 先行词是指人的名词时关系代词用whom。此结构注意以下几点：
1．“介词 + which”在定语从句中分别作时间、地点、原因状语，代替相应关系副词。
There used to be a time at which/during which/when the Chinese people struggled for freedom. 中国人民曾有一段为自由而斗争的日子。
The factory in which/when my father works is a large one. 我父亲工作的那家工厂很大。
I would like you to explain the reason for which/why you were absent. 我想让你解释一下你没来的原因。
2．在一些固定搭配的短语动词中， 由于动词和介词不可分割，因此不能把介词置于关系代词之前。
This is the pen which I’m looking for. 这是我正在找的那支钢笔。
不可以说：This is the pen for which I’m looking.
常见的不可拆开的动词短语有：care for 关心，喜欢；deal with处理，对付；hear from 收到某人的信；look for寻找；look after照顾；send for 派人去请；see to照顾，料理。
3．“名词 + of which”代替“whose + 名词”在定语从句中作定语。
The book, the cover of which/of which the cover/whose cover is black belongs to me. 那本封面是黑色的书是我的。
I saw some trees, the leaves of which/whose leaves/of which the leaves were black with diseases. 我看见一些树，它们的叶子因得病而发黑。
4．“名词/代词/数词/形容词的比较级或最高级 + of + 关系代词”常用来引导非限制性定语从句。定语从句常用倒装语序。此类结构常见的有：some/several/a few/a little/many/more/most/the largest of which等形式。
He lived in a big house, in front of which stood a tall tree. 他住在一所大房子里，房前有一棵高树。
I have many books, most of which are about English. 我有很多书，大部分是关于英语的。
5．介词的选择要考虑到： 介词与先行词的搭配关系； 介词与从句中谓语动词的搭配关系； 介词与从句中形容词， 名词等的搭配关系等。
The house in which he was born is very old. 他出生的那所房子很旧。
The person to whom you should write is Mr. Smith. 你应该给他写信的人是史密斯先生。
【巩固练习】
1. The journey around the world took the old sailor nine months, _______ the sailing time was 226 days.
A. of which B. during which
C. from which D. for which
2. I’ll never forget those days _______ we spent together in the mountain village.
A. that B. where
C. when D. in which
3. There are two buildings, _______ stands nearly a hundred feet high.
A. the larger
B. the larger of them
C. the larger one that
D. the larger of which
4. There are altogether eleven books on the shelf, _______ five are mine.
A. on which B. in which
C. of which D. from which
5. He asked the policeman _______ he worked to contact him whenever there was an accident.
A. with him B. who
C. with whom D. whom
6. Is this the reason _______ at the meeting for his carelessness in this work?
A. he explained
B. what he explained
C. how he explained
D. why he explained
7. I don’t like the sports _______ people easily_______.
A. which; get hurt
B. that; get hurt
C. in which; get hurt
D. that; got hurt
8. The taxi _______ a truck had knocked last night was destroyed.
A. where B. which
C. at which D.into which
9. Madame Curie, for _______ life had once been very hard, was successful later.
A. whom B. which
C. whose D. that
10. She is a teacher of much experience, _______ much can be learned.
A. from which B. from whom
C. that D. who
参考答案：1. A2. A3. D4. C5. C6. A7. C8. D9. A10. B
[作者单位：山东省青州第一中学]
责任编辑：李君
1．“介词 + which”在定语从句中分别作时间、地点、原因状语，代替相应关系副词。
There used to be a time at which/during which/when the Chinese people struggled for freedom. 中国人民曾有一段为自由而斗争的日子。
The factory in which/when my father works is a large one. 我父亲工作的那家工厂很大。
I would like you to explain the reason for which/why you were absent. 我想让你解释一下你没来的原因。
2．在一些固定搭配的短语动词中， 由于动词和介词不可分割，因此不能把介词置于关系代词之前。
This is the pen which I’m looking for. 这是我正在找的那支钢笔。
不可以说：This is the pen for which I’m looking.
常见的不可拆开的动词短语有：care for 关心，喜欢；deal with处理，对付；hear from 收到某人的信；look for寻找；look after照顾；send for 派人去请；see to照顾，料理。
3．“名词 + of which”代替“whose + 名词”在定语从句中作定语。
The book, the cover of which/of which the cover/whose cover is black belongs to me. 那本封面是黑色的书是我的。
I saw some trees, the leaves of which/whose leaves/of which the leaves were black with diseases. 我看见一些树，它们的叶子因得病而发黑。
4．“名词/代词/数词/形容词的比较级或最高级 + of + 关系代词”常用来引导非限制性定语从句。定语从句常用倒装语序。此类结构常见的有：some/several/a few/a little/many/more/most/the largest of which等形式。
He lived in a big house, in front of which stood a tall tree. 他住在一所大房子里，房前有一棵高树。
I have many books, most of which are about English. 我有很多书，大部分是关于英语的。
5．介词的选择要考虑到： 介词与先行词的搭配关系； 介词与从句中谓语动词的搭配关系； 介词与从句中形容词， 名词等的搭配关系等。
The house in which he was born is very old. 他出生的那所房子很旧。
The person to whom you should write is Mr. Smith. 你应该给他写信的人是史密斯先生。
【巩固练习】
1. The journey around the world took the old sailor nine months, _______ the sailing time was 226 days.
A. of which B. during which
C. from which D. for which
2. I’ll never forget those days _______ we spent together in the mountain village.
A. that B. where
C. when D. in which
3. There are two buildings, _______ stands nearly a hundred feet high.
A. the larger
B. the larger of them
C. the larger one that
D. the larger of which
4. There are altogether eleven books on the shelf, _______ five are mine.
A. on which B. in which
C. of which D. from which
5. He asked the policeman _______ he worked to contact him whenever there was an accident.
A. with him B. who
C. with whom D. whom
6. Is this the reason _______ at the meeting for his carelessness in this work?
A. he explained
B. what he explained
C. how he explained
D. why he explained
7. I don’t like the sports _______ people easily_______.
A. which; get hurt
B. that; get hurt
C. in which; get hurt
D. that; got hurt
8. The taxi _______ a truck had knocked last night was destroyed.
A. where B. which
C. at which D.into which
9. Madame Curie, for _______ life had once been very hard, was successful later.
A. whom B. which
C. whose D. that
10. She is a teacher of much experience, _______ much can be learned.
A. from which B. from whom
C. that D. who
参考答案：1. A2. A3. D4. C5. C6. A7. C8. D9. A10. B
[作者单位：山东省青州第一中学]
责任编辑：李君