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目的了解8~10岁男性儿童精细动作能力随年龄增长的变化特点,为针对性改善肥胖儿童的运动能力和心理健康提供科学的理论依据。方法选取天津市北辰区办学规模相当的2所普通小学的252名8~10岁男性儿童参加本研究,按照体质量指数(BMI)分为肥胖组(126人,8,9,10岁各42人)和正常体重组(126人,8,9,10岁各42人)。所有受试者均进行插入钢针和移动钢针测试以评定其精细动作能力。结果正常体重组中,不同年龄段儿童移动钢针时间差异有统计学意义(P=0.019),插钢针时间的差异无统计学意义(P=0.068),正常体重儿童的精细动作能力随年龄增长呈增加趋势。在肥胖组中,不同年龄段肥胖儿童插钢针(P=0.574)和移钢针时间(P=0.502)差异无统计学意义。同年龄肥胖组与正常组比较,3个年龄段肥胖组儿童插入钢针时间和移动钢针时间均慢于正常体重组(P值均<0.05)。结论 8~10岁正常体重儿童的精细动作发展表现为随年龄增长而提高,肥胖儿童的精细动作发展较慢,未表现随年龄增长的特点。和同龄正常体重儿童相比,肥胖儿童的精细动作能力全面落后。
Objective To understand the characteristics of the changes of fine motor ability of 8-10-year-old male children with age and to provide a scientific theoretical basis for the purpose of improving the exercise ability and mental health of obese children. Methods A total of 252 male children aged 8 to 10 years old from 2 primary schools in Beichen district of Tianjin city were enrolled in this study. The body mass index (BMI) was divided into obesity group (126, 8, Person) and normal weight group (126 people, 8, 9, 10, 42 each). All subjects were inserted into the needle and move the needle test to assess its fine motor ability. Results In the normal weight group, the time of moving needles of children of different ages was statistically significant (P = 0.019), there was no significant difference in the time of inserting needles (P = 0.068). The fine motor ability of normal weight children with age Growth is increasing. In the obese group, obese children of different ages had no significant difference in the time of inserting a needle (P = 0.574) and moving a needle (P = 0.502). Compared with the normal group, obese children in the same age group had slower insertion time and moving needle time than those in the normal weight group (P <0.05). Conclusion The development of fine motor performance of 8-10-year-old normal weight children increased with age. The obese children developed more slowly and showed no characteristics of aging. Compared with normal-weight children of the same age, obese children are fully behind the fine motor ability.