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为分析复杂空区顶板的稳定性,用力学理论与数值模拟相结合的方法对空区顶板的稳定性进行综合分析。采用简支梁理论、荷载传递交汇线理论、厚跨比法对空区顶板失稳临界参数进行计算,运用FLAC3D数值模拟软件对空区围岩的稳定性进行研究。结果表明,空区顶板的结构参数超出顶板失稳的临界参数的范围,空区处于失稳状态;空区稳定性数值模拟分析得出空区顶板中央位移较大,最大为4.7 cm,空区之间矿柱侧向位移较小;空区顶板最小主应力接近于拉应力状态;在空区顶板、底板及矿柱都有不同程度的塑性区分布,尤其是在矿柱上,分布范围较广,说明空区围岩稳定性较差,空区处于失稳状态比较明显,应及时采取措施治理空区。由此可见,基于FLAC3D的数值模拟分析空区稳定状态,可综合考虑影响空区失稳的因素,较真实反映空区围岩的应力应变及塑性分布状态,具有广泛的适应性。
In order to analyze the stability of the roof in the complicated empty area, the stability of the roof in the empty area is comprehensively analyzed by the combination of mechanics theory and numerical simulation. Based on the theory of simply supported girder, the theory of crossing lines of load transfer and the method of thick-to-span ratio, the critical parameters of roof instability are calculated. The stability of surrounding rock in open area is studied by FLAC3D numerical simulation software. The results show that the structural parameters of the roof are beyond the range of the critical parameters of the roof instability, and the vacant area is in the unstable state. The numerical simulation of the stability of the vacant area shows that the displacement of the roof of the vacant area is larger with a maximum of 4.7 cm. The minimum principal stress of the roof is close to the tensile stress state; the roof, floor and pillar in the empty area have different degrees of plastic zone distribution, especially in the pillar, the distribution range is more Wide, indicating that the stability of the surrounding rock is relatively poor, empty area in a more unstable state, should take timely measures to control the empty area. Therefore, based on FLAC3D numerical simulation analysis of the steady state of the empty area, it can comprehensively consider the factors that affect the instability of the open area, and more accurately reflect the stress, strain and plastic distribution of the surrounding rock, which has a wide range of adaptability.