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人工电子耳蜗植入是对重度或完全感音神经性聋患者建立听觉功能的最有效装置。但是不同个体耳蜗植入后的效果,即言语识别能力之差别甚大。除了家庭、社会所能提供的术后服务与支持的差别以外,电子耳蜗移植的效果很大程度上决定于植入者中枢神经系统在电子耳蜗下发生可塑性改变的能力。另一方面电子耳蜗和其他电刺激装置的出现对听觉中枢可塑性改变和机制的研究提供了有力的工具。本文从电子耳蜗临床应用的角度出发,重点总结了近年来国外关于电子耳蜗或其他类似慢性电刺激装置植入后在先天性或语前聋个体听觉中枢通路产生的可塑性改变的研究进展,通过对已有资料的分析,探讨可塑性改变的特征、影响因素、可能机理以及对临床工作的意义。
Artificial cochlear implantation is the most effective means of establishing auditory function in patients with severe or complete sensorineural deafness. However, the effect of cochlear implants in different individuals, that is, speech recognition ability varies greatly. In addition to the differences between post-operative care and support that families and societies can provide, the effectiveness of cochlear implants largely depends on the ability of the implanted central nervous system to undergo plastic changes in the cochlear. On the other hand, the appearance of cochlear and other electrical stimulation devices provides a powerful tool for the study of changes and mechanisms of auditory central plasticity. In this paper, the clinical application of electronic cochlear from the point of view, focusing on summarized in recent years abroad on the cochlear implant or other similar chronic electrical stimulation device implanted in the auditory central nervous system in patients with congenital or prelingual dementia plasticity changes in research progress, The data have been analyzed to explore the characteristics of plastic changes, influencing factors, possible mechanisms and the significance of clinical work.