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我们采取聚合酶链式反应技术（Ｐｏｌｙｍｅｒａｓｅｃｈａｉｎｒｅｅｃｔｉｏｎ，ＰＣＲ）和限制性片段长度多态性分析法（Ｒｅｓｔｒｉｃｔｉｏｎｆｒａｇｍｅｎｔｌｅｎｇｔｈｐｏｌｙｍｏｒｐｈｙｓｍｓａｎａｌｙｓｉｓ，ＲＦＬＰｓ）对３６例直肠癌患者的癌组织、肉眼观察“正常”的癌旁远端２ｃｍ肠组织和降结肠切端正常粘膜组织，进行Ｋ－ｒａｓ基因１２位密码子（ｃｏｄｏｎ）点突变的基因检测，证明基因突变是癌变发生的早期行为，为临床早期诊断和确定合理的手术治疗方案提供依据。
We used polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and restriction fragment length polymorphisms (RFLPs) to visualize the “normal” paracanal 2cm intestine in 36 cases of rectal cancer patients. Tissues and normal mucosa of the descending segment of the colon were examined for gene mutations in the codons of the K-ras gene, demonstrating that gene mutations are the early stages of carcinogenesis and provide evidence for early clinical diagnosis and confirmation of reasonable surgical treatment options. .