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目的:探讨智力障碍青少年的工作记忆和加工速度是否存在缺陷。方法:在广州市3所智障学校选取13~16岁智力障碍青少年和正常青少年各42例,分别作为研究组和对照组,采用韦氏记忆量表(WMS)中的数字工作广度(顺背、倒背)、空间工作记忆广度(顺背、倒背)和3项加工速度(感觉运动、知觉速度、扫描速度)进行测试。结果:1智力障碍青少年的工作记忆和加工速度得分显著低于智力正常青少年(t=-23.61,-19.35;P<0.01);2智力障碍青少年工作记忆和加工速度的性别差异均不显著;3工作记忆和加工速度各变量间均显著相关(P<0.05);4智力障碍青少年的工作记忆对加工速度的回归效应显著,预测率为36.00%。结论:智力障碍青少年的工作记忆与加工速度存在缺陷;其工作记忆对加工速度具有预测性。
Objective: To investigate whether working memory and processing speed of adolescents with mental retardation are flawed. Methods: 42 mental retardation adolescents aged 13-16 years and 42 normal adolescents were enrolled in each of the three mentally retarded schools in Guangzhou as the study group and the control group respectively. The digital working breadth in WMS (forward, Back back), spatial working memory breadth (forward, back) and three processing speeds (sensory movement, perceptual speed, scanning speed) were tested. Results: 1 The working memory and processing speed of adolescents with mental retardation were significantly lower than those of normal intelligence adolescents (t = -23.61, -19.35; P <0.01); 2 There were no significant differences in working memory and processing speed between adolescents with mental retardation; 3 There was a significant correlation between working memory and processing speed (P <0.05). The working memory of adolescents with mental retardation had a significant regression effect on processing speed with a prediction rate of 36.00%. Conclusion: The mental retardation and working speed of adolescents with mental retardation are deficient. Their working memory is predictive of the processing speed.