波斯纳在《并非自杀契约》中提出的实用主义紧急宪法,赋予总统紧急权,并允许总统与行政官员依据个人对情势的判断克减公民权利,导致宪法的悬置以及不得克减的人权遭到侵犯,因此是一个失败的方案。从该方案的失败原因入手,我们可以重构反恐斗争中的公民权利克减方案,包括采用将紧急权归属于立法分支,确定不得克减的人权以及维护法院的监督职能。 Posner’s pragmatic emergency constitution proposed in “Not a Contract for Suicide” gives the president the right of emergency and allows presidents and administrators to derogate civil rights on the basis of individual judgment of circumstances, resulting in the suspension of the constitution and the non-derogable human rights abuses To infringement, so is a failure of the program. Starting with the reasons for the failure of the program, we can reconstruct the derogation plan of civil rights in the fight against terrorism, including by applying emergency authority to branches of legislation, identifying non-derogable human rights and maintaining the court’s oversight function.