松果腺细胞膜上存在有β＿１、α＿１受体。外周光感信息由视网膜感受后，通过一系列复杂神经元传递到颈上神经节，后者发出节后交感神经纤维，作用于松果腺细胞膜上的β＿１、α＿１，受体，从而引起松果腺细胞内一系列中间物质的改变，激活Ｎ－乙酰转移酶（ＮＡＴ）和羟基吲哚－Ｏ－甲基转移酶（ＨＩＯＭＴ），使褪黑激素（ＭＴ）合式及分泌增加。 There are β_1, α_1 receptors on the membrane of the pineal gland. Peripheral sensory information is transmitted to the superior cervical ganglion through a series of complex neurons after it is perceived by the retina. The latter sends postganglionic sympathetic nerve fibers that act on the β 1, α 1, receptors on the cell membrane of the pineal gland and cause pineal diseases Changes in a series of intermediates in glandular cells activate N-acetyltransferase (NAT) and hydroxyindole-O-methyltransferase (HIOMT), resulting in increased melatonin (MT) cohesion and secretion.