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目的了解广西居民腹泻病例的求医行为特征及其影响因素,为进一步行为干预提供依据。方法采用社区整群随机抽样,开展入户调查。从中筛选出腹泻病例,收集相关信息进行分析。结果夏、冬季节2次调查总共访问家庭11 865户,共42 330人。调查中收集腹泻病例442例,其中21.04%的病例未做任何治疗,50.90%的病例选择自行服药治疗,26.02%的病例到各级医疗机构门诊求医,2.04%的病例到医疗机构住院治疗。腹泻病例的单日最高腹泻次数、腹泻天数、病例年龄是求医行为强度的影响因素。冬季腹泻病例的求医行为强度高于夏季腹泻病例,城市腹泻病例和农村腹泻病例之间、男性腹泻病例和女性腹泻病例之间的求医行为强度差异无统计学意义。结论本次调查样本量大,收集腹泻病例多,抽样较为合理。广西居民对腹泻病这一类发病普遍、有自限性的疾病关注程度不高,其求医的意愿并不强烈,腹泻病就诊率较低。大部分病例选择自行服药治疗。居民对低年龄和高年龄的“老幼”人群的健康关注程度较高,其求医行为强度也相应较高。
Objective To understand the characteristics of seeking medical treatment in Guangxi diarrhea patients and its influencing factors, to provide basis for further behavioral intervention. Methods Random cluster sampling community to carry out household surveys. Diarrhea cases were screened out and relevant information was collected for analysis. Results A total of 11 865 households were interviewed in two surveys in summer and winter, amounting to 42 330 people. In the survey, 442 cases of diarrhea were collected, of which 21.04% did not receive any treatment, 50.90% chose to take medicine on their own, 26.02% went to medical institutions for medical treatment at all levels, and 2.04% went to medical institutions for hospitalization. Diarrhea cases of the highest number of diarrhea per day, the number of days of diarrhea, case age is the influencing factor for medical treatment intensity. The intensity of seeking medical treatment in winter diarrhea cases was higher than that in summer diarrhea cases. There was no significant difference in the strength of seeking medical treatment between male diarrhea cases and female diarrhea cases in urban diarrhea cases and rural diarrhea cases. Conclusion The sample size of this survey is large. There are many cases of diarrhea and the sampling is more reasonable. Guangxi residents in general incidence of diarrheal diseases, self-limited disease is not high concern, their willingness to seek medical advice is not strong, diarrheal disease visit rate is low. Most cases choose to take their own medication. Residents of the “old and young” people of low age and high age, a higher degree of health concern, the intensity of its seeking medical treatment is also relatively high.