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上古时期,“豭”、“羖”、“麚”、“牯”同源,从先秦到唐代的用例或见于楚地文献,或见于通语文献所述的楚地故事。楚简曾多次出现从“古”的雄性动物名且与“牯”音近。“豭”多次出现在楚语地区的县志中,带有“牯”的地名全部集中在今南方地区,与古楚语有继承关系。古“豭、牯”与部分南方少数民族语言中表“雄性”义的词音近同源,故厘定“豭、牯”为古楚方言词。
The ancient times, “”, “”, “麚 ”, “牯 ” homologous, from the pre-Qin to Tang Dynasty use cases or found in Chu literature, or found in Tongyu literature Chu story. Chu bamboo slips have repeatedly appeared from the “ancient” male animal name and with “牯 ” sound near. “豭 ” appeared many times in the county of Chu language, with “牯 ” place names are all concentrated in the southern region, and the ancient Chu language has inheritance relations. Ancient “豭, 牯 ” and some southern ethnic languages table “male ” meaning near homophones, it is determined “豭, 牯 ” for the ancient Chu dialect words.