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采用ＳＰ免疫组化法，对１１０ 例直肠癌手术后石蜡包埋标本进行ｐ２１、ｐ５３ 基因表达检测，同时选用同一病例肠壁断端的正常肠壁组织为实验对照组。结果显示，直肠癌组织中ｐ２１ 、ｐ５３基因表达阳性率分别为５４－５％ 、４２－７％ 。ｐ５３ 表达与直肠癌的临床病理因素及预后无相关性；ｐ２１表达阴性病例预后好。ｐ２１ 表达与组织分化、淋巴结转移有相关性。本实验提示，直肠癌的发生发展与ｐ２１、ｐ５３ 基因有关，ｐ２１ 阴性表达病例预后好，ｐ２１ 可作为判定直肠癌预后的指标。
SP immunohistochemical method was used to detect the expression of p21 and p53 genes in paraffin-embedded specimens of 110 cases of rectal cancer after surgery. At the same time, the normal intestinal wall tissue at the end of the intestinal wall was selected as the experimental control group. The results showed that the positive rates of p21 and p53 expression in rectal cancer tissues were 54-5% and 42-7%, respectively. There was no correlation between p53 expression and clinicopathological factors and prognosis of rectal cancer. The prognosis of p21 negative cases was good. The expression of p21 is related to histological differentiation and lymph node metastasis. This experiment suggests that the occurrence and development of rectal cancer is associated with p21 and p53 genes, and the prognosis of p21 negative cases is good. p21 can be used as an index to determine the prognosis of rectal cancer.