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体外诱导方法制备含有抗菌活性物质的柞蚕蛹粉,并将其以不同比例(0%、1.0%、2.0%)添加到刺参饲料中,并对照商品抗菌肽产品(0.5%添加),制成C、M1、M2和K几种等能、等氮饲料,探讨其在海参养殖中的应用可行性。结果发现,抗菌肽添加组(K)刺参的体增重率(82.06%)显著高于对照组(C)(64.77%)(P<0.05),M1组比对照组提高13.4%,但差异不显著。免疫学指标测定中发现,刺参体腔细胞吞噬活性在各组间无显著差异,但各添加组体腔液超氧化物歧化酶(SOD),M2、K组溶菌酶(LSZ)和M1、M2组酸性磷酸酶(ACP)活性与对照组相比均表现出显著提高(P<0.05),其中SOD活性M1、M2组和K组分别比对照组提高了40.24%、49.91%和61.49%;LSZ活性M2组和K组分别比对照组提高6.41%和5.48%;ACP活性,M1组和M2组分别比对照组提高了29.65%和37.34%。经体腔注射用灿烂弧菌(Vibrio splendidus)侵染各组健康刺参,三处理组刺参均表现出一定的对病原菌的抵抗力,但其中K组刺参的免疫保护率最高。电镜切片显示,柞蚕抗菌肽和免疫蛹粉可以提高小肠绒毛的长度,但2.0%免疫蛹粉则对小肠形态产生一定程度的破坏。综上,饲料添加1.0%柞蚕免疫蛹粉可有效促进刺参生长,并提高抗病力。
In vitro induction method Anther paste pupal powder containing antimicrobial active substance was prepared and added to the sea cucumber fodder in different proportions (0%, 1.0%, 2.0%), and the control commercial antibacterial peptide product (0.5% addition) C, M1, M2 and K several isobaric, and other nitrogen feed to explore its feasibility in the application of sea cucumber culture. The results showed that body weight gain rate (82.06%) of the antibacterial peptide addition group (K) was significantly higher than that of the control group (64.77%) (P <0.05), and that of the M1 group was 13.4% higher than that of the control group Not obvious. Immunological index determination showed that there was no significant difference in the phagocytic activity of the cells in the body of Apostichopus japonicus, but there was no significant difference in the phagocytic activity of the cells between the groups. However, the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD), M2, K group lysozyme (LSZ) Compared with the control group, the activity of ACP increased significantly (P <0.05), and the activity of SOD increased 40.24%, 49.91% and 61.49% respectively in the M1, M2 and K groups compared with the control group. The activity of LSZ M2 and K increased by 6.41% and 5.48%, respectively. Compared with the control group, ACP activity increased by 29.65% and 37.34% respectively in M1 and M2 groups. All of the three groups were infected with Vibrio splendidus through body-cavity injection, and all of them showed resistance to pathogenic bacteria. However, the immunoprotection rate of the group K was the highest. Electron microscopy showed that tussah antimicrobial peptides and immune pupa powder can increase the length of small intestine villi, but 2.0% of immune pupa powder is a certain degree of damage to the small intestine morphology. In summary, feeding 1.0% tussah immune pupa powder can effectively promote the growth of sea cucumber and improve disease resistance.