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利用微元法,推导了钢轨感应电流的数学模型。以大秦铁路实时同步测试数据为基础,分析了电气化铁道钢轨感应电流的形成机理、分布特性、影响因素及其对钢轨电压的影响。实测数据对比表明:该模型误差在10%以内,可以满足工程要求;机车与牵引变电所的距离越大,钢轨感应电流越大,其分布为中间大,两端小;衰减常数越大,钢轨感应电流越大,感应电流饱和速度越快;钢轨感应电流具有降低钢轨电压的效果,机车与牵引变电所的距离越大,效果越明显,随着距离的增加,感应电流对钢轨电流输入点的电压最大可以降低55%。
Deriving the mathematical model of the induced current of the rail by using the micro element method. Based on the real-time synchronous test data of Daqin Railway, the formation mechanism, distribution characteristics, influencing factors and the influence of rail-induced voltage on the railroad track are analyzed. The comparison of measured data shows that the error of the model is within 10%, which can meet the engineering requirements. The bigger the distance between locomotive and traction substation, the larger the induced current of rail is, the larger the distribution is, the smaller the two ends are. The greater the induced current of the rail is, the faster the induction current is saturated. The induced current of the rail has the effect of reducing the rail voltage. The greater the distance between the locomotive and the traction substation, the more obvious the effect. With the increase of the distance, The maximum voltage can be reduced by 55%.