第一,课程标准涉及基础教育阶段各门主要学科,已经成为学校课程教学、教材编写、考试和评价体制的最高准则与依据。除全国性的标准外,各州也纷纷制定和修订本州的课程标准。近年来,绝大多数州已相继制定了基础教育阶段主要教学科目的课程标准。第二,指导性和参考性的全国的课程 First, the curriculum standards involve the major disciplines in the basic education stage and have become the highest standards and basis for school curriculum teaching, textbook compilation, examination and evaluation systems. In addition to national standards, states have also developed and revised their own curriculum standards. In recent years, the vast majority of states have successively established curriculum standards for major teaching subjects in the basic education stage. Second, the guiding and referential national curriculum