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目的:探讨自然杀伤T(natural killer T，NKT)样细胞在不明原因反复自然流产(unexplained recurrent spontaneous abortion，URSA)中的价值。方法:选取2015年1月至2018年5月陕西省人民医院收治120例女性作为本次研究对象，将其分为三组：URSA组，对照A组(正常妊娠女性)和对照B组(正常未孕女性)，每组40例。利用流式细胞技术检测CD3n ＋T淋巴细胞和NKT样细胞亚群(CD3n ＋CD16n ＋CD56n ＋、CD3n ＋CD16n ＋CD56n -)的表达，采用酶联免疫分析法(enzyme linked immunosorbant assay，ELISA)检测血清γ-干扰素(interferon-γ，IFN-γ) 、白细胞介素(interleukin，IL) -4、三种孕激素，β-人绒毛膜促性腺激素(β-human chorionic gonadotropin，β-HCG)、孕酮(progesterone，P)、雌二醇(estradiol，E2)的水平。n 结果:URSA组、对照A组和对照B组的CD3n ＋T淋巴细胞和CD3n ＋CD16n ＋CD56n -NKT样细胞亚型差异无有统计学意义(n P>0.05)。对三组的CD3n ＋CD16n ＋CD56n ＋NKT样细胞亚型表达进行比较，结果显示对照A组和对照B组的CD3n ＋CD16n ＋CD56n ＋NKT样细胞亚型表达明显高于URSA组[A组：(4.02±1.54)%，B组：(1.92±1.02)%，URSA组：(6.45±2.09)%]，差异具有统计学意义(n F＝18.596，n P<0.05)。URSA组的IFN-γ表达水平明显高于对照A组[(110.27±50.12)ng/L比(69.38±31.25)ng/L，n t＝ 4.380，n P< 0.05]；URSA组的IL-4表达水平明显低于对照A组[(21.34±10.02)ng/L比(40.97±19.85)ng/L，n t＝ 5.583，n P< 0.05]；URSA组的Th1/Th2比值明显高于对照A组[(6.84±2.49)比(2.34±1.74)，n t＝ 9.370，n P< 0.05]。同时，URSA组的血清β-HCG、P、E2的表达水平均低于对照A组，差异均具有统计学意义(n t值分别为45.778、11.992和21.922，n P值均0.05). The results showed that the expression of CD3n + CD16n + CD56n + NKT like cell subtypes in control group A and control group B was significantly higher than that in URSA group [group A : (4.02±1.54)% , group B: (1.92±1.02)%, URSA group: (6.45±2.09) %, n F = 18.596, n P<0.05]. The level of IFN-γ in URSA group was significantly higher than that in control group A [(110.27±50.12)ng/L vs (69.38±31.25)ng/L,n t=4.380, n P< 0.05], the level of IL-4 in URSA group was significantly lower than that in control group A[(21.34±10.02) ng/L vs (40.97±19.85) ng/L,n t=5.583, n P< 0.05], and the Th1/Th2 ratio in URSA group was significantly higher than that in control group A [(6.84±2.49) vs (2.34±1.74),n t=9.370, n P< 0.05]. At the same time, the expression levels of serum β - hCG, P and E2 in URSA group were lower than those in control group A (n t values were 45.778, 11.992 and 21.922 respectively, all n P values < 0.05).n Conclusion:The expression of NKT like cells plays an important role in URSA, which provides a basis for the diagnosis and treatment of URSA patients.