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本文首先在Antràs Pol和Davin Chor(2012)提出的等间距产业上游度与贸易上游度的基础上,设计了非等间距产业上游度与贸易上游度的测算方法,测算了美国380个产业的非等间距产业上游度,并验证了非等间距产业上游度的优越性。其次,本文测算了116个国家和地区的非等间距贸易上游度,对这些国家和地区在生产价值链的位置进行了排序,并分析了非等间距贸易上游度的影响因素。最后,本文测算了中国非等间距产业上游度和贸易上游度,以及各省份产业上游度和输出、输入上游度。研究发现,与等间距产业上游度相比,非等间距产业上游度并不是单纯地将生产过程划分为离散的生产阶段,而是一个连续的价值创造过程;非等间距出口上游度与人均GDP显著正相关,与法制指数和平均受教育年限显著负相关;中国的出口上游度在近20年整体处于下降趋势;中国各省份之间的非等间距产业上游度显著正相关。
In this paper, based on the equal-distance industrial upstream and upstream trade degrees proposed by Antràs Pol and Davin Chor (2012), the method of estimating the upstream and upstream trade degrees of non-equidistant industries is designed. The equal-distance industry upstream degree, and verified the superiority of non-equally-spaced industry upstream degree. Secondly, this paper estimates the non-equidistant trade upstream degree in 116 countries and regions, and ranks the production value chains in these countries and regions. The influencing factors of non-equidistant trade upstream degree are analyzed. Finally, this paper estimates the degree of non-equidistant industrial upstream and upstream trade in China, as well as the degree of industrial upstream and output in each province and the input upstream degree. The study finds that, compared with the upstream degree of equidistant industries, the upstream degree of non-equidistant industries does not simply divide the production process into discrete production stages, but a continuous process of value creation. The upstream degree of non-equidistant exports and GDP per capita Significant positive correlation with the legal system index and the average years of education was significantly negative correlation; China’s export upstream degree in the past 20 years as a whole in a downward trend; China’s provinces between the non-equidistant industry upstream was significantly positive correlation.